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Dec 2009

Volume 16, Issue 1, pp. i-110

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Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 83 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20071203 (12 pages)

Antonella Glisenti, Alessandro Galenda, and Marta Maria Natile
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Introduction to the Surface Spectra of Lanthanide-Based Materials

Marta Maria Natile

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, i (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20110901 (2 pages)

Online Publication Date: 25 October 2011

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Abstract Unavailable
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81.16.Be Chemical synthesis methods
81.40.Gh Other heat and thermomechanical treatments
82.30.Hk Chemical exchanges (substitution, atom transfer, abstraction, disproportionation, and group exchange)
82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces
61.72.jd Vacancies
66.30.H- Self-diffusion and ionic conduction in nonmetals

CuxO - TiO2 Composites (x=1, 2) Studied by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Davide Barreca, Giorgio Carraro, and Alberto Gasparotto

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 1 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20110101 (12 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 18 April 2011

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CuxO - TiO2 (x=1, 2) nanocomposites were synthesized by an innovative Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) strategy, based on the initial growth of CuxO matrices (1) and on the subsequent dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles (2). Cu(hfa)2•TMEDA (hfa=1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionate; TMEDA=N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine) and Ti(O-iPr)2(dpm)2 (O-iPr = isopropoxide; dpm=2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate) were used as copper and titanium molecular sources, respectively. The syntheses were carried out under O2+H2O atmospheres on Si(100) substrates. In step (1), pure and homogeneous single-phase Cu2O/CuO nanosystems were obtained at 400/550 °C, with total pressures of 3.0/10.0 mbar, respectively. Interestingly, the obtained nanocomposites were characterized by the surface formation of Cu(I)-Cu(II) mixtures, due to the occurrence of interactions between CuxO and TiO2. This work is dedicated to the characterization of two representative samples by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), focusing in particular on the analysis on the O 1s, Cu 2p and Ti 2p core levels.
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81.07.Bc Nanocrystalline materials
61.46.Df Structure of nanocrystals and nanoparticles ("colloidal" quantum dots but not gate-isolated embedded quantum dots)
81.15.Gh Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, ALD, etc.)
79.60.Jv Interfaces; heterostructures; nanostructures
81.05.Hd Other semiconductors

CuO/CeO2 Nanocomposites: An XPS Study

Marta Maria Natile, Alessandro Galenda, and Antonella Glisenti

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 13 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20061005 (14 pages)

Online Publication Date: 29 June 2011

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CuO/CeO2 nanocomposite powders were prepared by wet impregnation of nanosized ceria powders. The samples are characterized by a nominal (i.e. calculated from the weighted amount of precursors) Cu/Ce atomic ratio: 0.05 (Accession #1081), 0.1 (Accession #1082), 0.2 (Accession #1083), 0.35 (Accession #1084) and 0.5 (Accession #1085). The surface properties and the influence of the Cu/Ce atomic ratio are investigated by means of XPS. Besides the wide scan spectra, detailed spectra for the Ce 3d, Ce 4d, Cu 2p and O 1s regions and related data are presented and discussed. XP analysis reveals the presence of CuO; in the samples with lower Cu/Ce atomic ratio traces of Cu2O are also evident. The surface Cu/Ce atomic ratio obtained from XPS data is always higher than the nominal one suggesting the surface segregation of copper.
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81.07.-b Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization
81.16.-c Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing
82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.)
61.43.Gt Powders, porous materials
79.60.Jv Interfaces; heterostructures; nanostructures

Ag/CeO2 Nanocomposites Obtained by Deposition-Precipitation, Studied by XPS

Marta Maria Natile, Alessandro Galenda, and Antonella Glisenti

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 27 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20070405 (9 pages)

Online Publication Date: 3 October 2011

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Ag/CeO2 nanocomposite powders were prepared by a deposition-precipitation procedure. The supporting nanosized ceria was obtained by precipitation at 273 K (in presence of H2O2). The samples are characterized by a nominal (i.e. calculated from the weighted amount of precursors) Ag/Ce wt. ratio of 2% (Accession #1148) and 7% (Accession #1149). The surface properties and the influence of the Ag/Ce atomic ratio are investigated by means of XPS (using a standard Al Kα source). Besides the wide scan spectra, detailed spectra for the Ce 3d, Ce 4d, Ag 3d and O 1s regions and related data are presented and discussed. XPS analysis reveals the presence of small amounts of silver oxides (AgO is observed in the sample with lower Ag/Ce wt. ratio while Ag2O seems to be prevalent in the sample richer in Ag). In both the samples, the surface Ag/Ce atomic ratio obtained from XPS data is rather similar to the nominal one.
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81.07.-b Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization
81.16.-c Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing
61.46.Df Structure of nanocrystals and nanoparticles ("colloidal" quantum dots but not gate-isolated embedded quantum dots)
79.60.Jv Interfaces; heterostructures; nanostructures

CuOx/CeO2 Nanocomposites Prepared by Deposition-Precipitation: An XPS Study

Alessandro Galenda, Marta Maria Natile, and Antonella Glisenti

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 36 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20070406 (9 pages)

Online Publication Date: 11 October 2011

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Copper oxide/Ceria nanocomposite powders were prepared by a deposition-precipitation procedure. The supporting nanosized ceria was obtained by precipitation at 273 K (in presence of H2O2). The samples are characterized by a nominal (i.e. calculated from the weighted amount of precursors) Cu/Ce wt. ratio of 2% (Accession #1152: CuCe2) and 7% (Accession #1153: CuCe7). The surface properties and the influence of the Cu/Ce atomic ratio were investigated by means of XPS (using a standard Al Kα source). Besides the wide scan spectra, detailed spectra for the Ce 3d, Ce 4d, Cu 2p and O 1s regions and related data are presented and discussed. XP analysis reveals the presence of copper oxide (Cu2O is observed in the sample with lower Cu/Ce wt. ratio whereas CuO is prevalent in the sample richer in Cu). In both the samples, the surface Cu/Ce atomic ratio obtained from XPS data is rather similar: 0.13 (= 0.06 Cu/Ce wt ratio).
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81.16.-c Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing
82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.)
79.60.Bm Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces
68.37.Xy Scanning Auger microscopy, photoelectron microscopy

Au/CeO2 Powders: Influence of the Preparation Procedure, Studied by XPS

Marta Maria Natile, Alessandro Galenda, and Antonella Glisenti

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 45 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20070404 (13 pages)

Online Publication Date: 12 October 2011

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In this paper the effect of the preparation procedure and of the Au/Ce atomic ratio on the surface properties of Au/CeO2 nanocomposites is investigated. For this purpose, Au/CeO2 nanocomposite powders were prepared using three different preparation procedures: (1) Direct Anionic Exchange (hereafter DAE); (2) Deposition-Precipitation (hereafter DP) and (3) Wet Impregnation (hereafter IMP) of nanosized ceria powders. By means of each synthesis procedure two different compositions have been prepared: 2 and 7 %wt. (hereafter 2 and 7, respectively) corresponding to a nominal (i.e. calculated from the weighted amount of precursors) Au/Ce atomic ratio of 0.018 and 0.066. The supporting ceria was obtained by precipitation from a basic solution of cerium nitrate containing H2O2 at 273 K. Besides the wide scan spectra, detailed spectra for the Ce 3d, Ce 4d, Au 4f and O 1s regions and related data are presented and discussed. XP data confirm the presence of CeO2 and Au(0) but traces of Ce(III) can also be observed. The Au/Ce atomic ratio obtained from XPS data differs with the synthetic procedure but is always lower than the expected value; this is particularly evident in the samples obtained by DP method and for the specimens richer in gold (Au/Ce = 0.016 and 0.039 for DAE2 [Accession #1154] and DAE7 [Accession #1155], respectively; Au/Ce = 0.005 and 0.015 for DP2 [Accession #1156] and DP7 [Accession #1157], respectively; Au/Ce = 0.017 and 0.023 for IMP2 [Accession #1158] and IMP7 [Accession #1159], respectively). Finally, the O/(Au+Ce) atomic ratios are always lower (O/(Au+Ce) = 1.68 and 1.43 for DAE2 and DAE7, respectively; O/(Au+Ce) = 1.37 and 1.53 for DP2 and DP7, respectively; O/(Au+Ce) = 1.38 and 1.39 for IMP2 and IMP7, respectively) than the expected values (2.0 and 1.9 for the 2 and 7 %wt. specimens, respectively.
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81.16.Be Chemical synthesis methods
82.30.Hk Chemical exchanges (substitution, atom transfer, abstraction, disproportionation, and group exchange)
82.39.Wj Ion exchange, dialysis, osmosis, electro-osmosis, membrane processes
82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.)
68.37.Xy Scanning Auger microscopy, photoelectron microscopy
79.60.Bm Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces

La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.6Co0.2Cu0.2O3-δ Powders by XPS

Marta Maria Natile, Fabio Poletto, Alessandro Galenda, and Antonella Glisenti

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 58 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20070801 (9 pages)

Online Publication Date: 18 October 2011

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In recent years, the growing interest in hydrogen energy has caused particularly large demand for catalysts used in the production of hydrogen and hydrogen-containing gases by the conversion of natural hydrocarbons. Perovskite oxides having the general formula of ABO3, where B usually designates a transition metal cation surrounded by six oxygen ions in octahedral coordination, and A is a cation of rare-earth metal coordinated by 12 oxygen ions are very promising for this application. The present work focuses on the XPS analysis of a new perovskite material: La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.6Co0.2Cu0.2O3-δ powder. This powder was obtained by citrate gel process. The surface proprieties are investigated by means of XPS. Besides the wide scan spectrum, detailed spectra for the La 3d, Sr 3d, Fe 2p, Co 2p, Cu 2p, Cu LMM, O 1s and C 1s regions and related data are presented and discussed.
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82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.)
61.43.Gt Powders, porous materials
81.20.Ev Powder processing: powder metallurgy, compaction, sintering, mechanical alloying, and granulation
82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces
82.70.Gg Gels and sols

PrMnO3 Prepared by the Citrate Gel Method, Studied by XPS

Antonella Glisenti, Marta Maria Natile, and Alessandro Galenda

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 67 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20071105 (8 pages)

Online Publication Date: 18 October 2011

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In the present work a praseodymium manganite powder synthesized by means of the citric acid method is investigated by means of XPS. Besides the wide scan spectra, detailed spectra for the Pr 3d, Pr 4d, Mn 2p and O 1s regions and related data are presented and discussed. The praseodymium peaks position and shape suggest the presence of Pr(III) in oxide systems; Mn 2p peak is consistent with the presence of Mn(III) and/or Mn(IV) in oxides. The Pr/Mn atomic ratio ranges around 1; the O/(Pr+Mn) atomic ratio is higher than the expected value confirming the surface hydroxylation and carbonation.
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61.43.Gt Powders, porous materials
81.20.Ev Powder processing: powder metallurgy, compaction, sintering, mechanical alloying, and granulation
82.70.Gg Gels and sols
82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.)

La2Cu0.8Co0.2O4+δ by Pechini Method

Stefano Pegoraro, Marta Maria Natile, Alessandro Galenda, and Antonella Glisenti

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 75 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20090201 (8 pages)

Online Publication Date: 25 October 2011

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Cobalt-doped lanthanum cuprates of the type La2Cu1-xCoxO4 are Ruddlesden-Popper compounds characterized by several interesting properties. In particular, thanks to the presence of copper and cobalt, they can be utilized as catalysts in redox reactions. Moreover, from an electrical point of view, cobalt-doped lanthanum cuprates are Mixed-Electronic-Ionic-Conductors. These important characteristics could be gainfully employed in improving the Intermediate-Temperature-Solid-Oxide-Fuel-Cells electrodes performances, from both the catalytic and electrical sides. A La2.0Cu0.8Co0.2O4+δ powder was prepared by Pechini procedure. Besides the wide scan spectra, detailed spectra for the La 3d, La 4d, Cu 2p, Co 2p, O 1s and C 1s regions and related data are presented and discussed. XP analysis confirms the presence of La (III) and Cu (II); the peak shapes are consistent with a residual presence of hydroxide and carbonate species, as confirmed by the O 1s and C 1s signals. The XPS atomic composition supports this hypothesis: in fact the O/(La+Cu+Co) atomic ratio (= 1.86) is higher than the expected value (= 1.33). Also the La/(Cu+Co) atomic ratio (= 0.80) is higher than the nominal value (= 0.66) and suggests La surface segregation.
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81.05.Je Ceramics and refractories (including borides, carbides, hydrides, nitrides, oxides, and silicides)
81.20.Ev Powder processing: powder metallurgy, compaction, sintering, mechanical alloying, and granulation
61.72.up Other materials
68.35.Dv Composition, segregation; defects and impurities
79.60.-i Photoemission and photoelectron spectra

LaMnO3: Influence of the Addition of Ba and Sr

Antonella Glisenti, Alessandro Galenda, and Marta Maria Natile

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 83 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20071203 (12 pages)

Online Publication Date: 25 October 2011

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The present work focuses on lanthanum manganite-based materials obtained by citrate (LaMnO3 and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3) and Pechini (La0.6Ba0.4MnO3) methods. The influence of the addition of barium and strontium is studied. The surface properties of LaMnO3, La0.6Ba0.4MnO3 and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 powders are investigated by means of XPS using a standard Al Kα source. Besides the wide scan spectra, detailed spectra for the La 3d, Mn 2p, O 1s, Sr 3d and Ba 3d regions and related data are presented and discussed.
Show PACS
61.46.Df Structure of nanocrystals and nanoparticles ("colloidal" quantum dots but not gate-isolated embedded quantum dots)
81.07.Bc Nanocrystalline materials
81.07.Wx Nanopowders
79.60.Bm Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces
68.35.bt Other materials

Influence of Sr and Fe Dopants on the Surface Properties of LaGaO3

Marta Maria Natile, Alberto Saorin, Alessandro Galenda, and Antonella Glisenti

Surf. Sci. Spectra 16, 95 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/11.20080101 (16 pages)

Online Publication Date: 25 October 2011

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LaGaO3 doped on A-site and B-site with different amounts of strontium and iron, respectively (La0.8Sr0.2GaO3-δ, La0.6Sr0.4GaO3-δ and LaGa0.8Fe0.2O3, LaGa0.4Fe0.6O3) as well as a doubly doped LaGaO3 perovskite (La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Fe0.2O3-δ) have been synthesized by citrate gel method. The present work focuses on the XPS analysis. In particular, the effects of dopants and dopant concentrations on the LaGaO3 surface properties have been investigated and discussed. Besides the wide scan spectrum, detailed spectra for the La 3d, Ga 2p3/2, Sr 3d, Fe 2p, O 1s and C 1s regions and related data are presented and discussed.
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81.65.-b Surface treatments
82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.)
79.60.Bm Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces
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