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Thermal Evolution of Anodized Nb by XPS
Adriana Daccà,
Gianluca Gemme,
Lorenzo Mattera,
and Renzo Parodi
Surf. Sci. Spectra 5, 332 (1998); http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.1247879 (7 pages)
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Show Abstract
XPS spectra acquired on anodized niobium during a thermal treatment from 300 to 1223 K are reported. The anodization process consists of growing a layer of oxide of known thickness on the metal surface; the sample is kept in a solution of ammonia inside an electrochemical cell and a d.d.p. is applied to the electrodes. We acquired XPS spectra by using a PHI 5600 ESCA multitechnique spectrometer with an Al Kα monochromatized source. The spherical capacitor analyzer operated in the constant energy mode at a pass energy of 5.85 eV. Measurements at two emission angles, 0° and 70°, and at temperatures between 300 and 1223 K are reported. This XPS study puts in evidence the existence of a transition on the Nb surface from Nb pentoxide to Nb pure metal during the heating phase. © 1999 American Vacuum Society.
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Show PACS
| Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces |
| Oxidation |
| Cold working, work hardening; annealing, post-deformation annealing, quenching,
tempering recovery, and crystallization |
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